dor_id: 10951

506.#.#.a: Público

590.#.#.d: Los artículos enviados a la revista "Atmósfera", se juzgan por medio de un proceso de revisión por pares

510.0.#.a: Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT); Sistema Regional de Información en Línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal (Latindex); Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO); SCOPUS, Web Of Science (WoS); SCImago Journal Rank (SJR)

561.#.#.u: https://www.atmosfera.unam.mx/

650.#.4.x: Físico Matemáticas y Ciencias de la Tierra

336.#.#.b: article

336.#.#.3: Artículo de Investigación

336.#.#.a: Artículo

351.#.#.6: https://www.revistascca.unam.mx/atm/index.php/atm/index

351.#.#.b: Atmósfera

351.#.#.a: Artículos

harvesting_group: RevistasUNAM

270.1.#.p: Revistas UNAM. Dirección General de Publicaciones y Fomento Editorial, UNAM en revistas@unam.mx

590.#.#.c: Open Journal Systems (OJS)

270.#.#.d: MX

270.1.#.d: México

590.#.#.b: Concentrador

883.#.#.u: https://revistas.unam.mx/catalogo/

883.#.#.a: Revistas UNAM

590.#.#.a: Coordinación de Difusión Cultural

883.#.#.1: https://www.publicaciones.unam.mx/

883.#.#.q: Dirección General de Publicaciones y Fomento Editorial

850.#.#.a: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

856.4.0.u: https://www.revistascca.unam.mx/atm/index.php/atm/article/view/ATM.2017.30.03.01/46593

100.1.#.a: Castillo-miranda, Javier Omar; Torres-jadón, Ricardo; García-reynoso, José Agustín; Mar-morales, Bertha E.; Rodríguez-gómez, Francisco Javier; Ruiz-suárez, Luis Gerardo

524.#.#.a: Castillo-miranda, Javier Omar, et al. (2017). Mapping recession risk for cultural heritage stone in Mexico City due to dry and wet deposition of urban air pollutants. Atmósfera; Vol. 30 No. 3, 2017; 189-207. Recuperado de https://repositorio.unam.mx/contenidos/10951

720.#.#.a: CONACYT

245.1.0.a: Mapping recession risk for cultural heritage stone in Mexico City due to dry and wet deposition of urban air pollutants

502.#.#.c: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

561.1.#.a: Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, UNAM

264.#.0.c: 2017

264.#.1.c: 2017-06-30

653.#.#.a: Cultural heritage; air pollution; MCMA; Mexico Megacity; recession rates

506.1.#.a: La titularidad de los derechos patrimoniales de esta obra pertenece a las instituciones editoras. Su uso se rige por una licencia Creative Commons BY-NC 4.0 Internacional, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode.es, para un uso diferente consultar al responsable jurídico del repositorio por medio del correo electrónico editora@atmosfera.unam.mx

884.#.#.k: https://www.revistascca.unam.mx/atm/index.php/atm/article/view/ATM.2017.30.03.01

001.#.#.#: 022.oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/51288

041.#.7.h: eng

520.3.#.a: Air pollution is a threat to cultural heritage because it accelerates the natural deterioration of monuments, palaces, churches, and archaeological ruins, which have an irreplaceable value. In the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA), there are 19 968 buildings registered as archaeological, historic, or artistic monuments. Some are built with calcareous rocks (limestone and marble) but many of them are made with andesite, tezontle and tuff stone. This paper reports for the first time the spatial distribution of the potential risk of deterioration on calcareous rocks in terms of surface recession with regard to Mexican cultural heritage in the MCMA for the base year 2007. The risk estimate was performed using Lipfert’s damage function, only applicable to carbonate stones of medium and low porosity. These include mainly medium/high density limestone and marble. Carrara white marble has a density of 2.69 g cm–3 and a porosity of 0.37%, and limestone has a density of 2.2-2.6 g cm–3 and a porosity of 5-20%. For high porosity (low density) limestone the function would be applicable with a potential under-estimation. In this function, annual recession rate is a function of annual averages of precipitation, pH, and dry deposition of SO2 and HNO3. Data from several meteorological monitoring networks, the MCMA air quality and acid deposition monitoring networks, and a 3D air quality model (MCCM) were interpolated in a GIS in order to obtain map layers for these variables. These overlaid maps were used to apply the Lipfert functions at the specific coordinates of a small sample of relevant historic or artistic monuments. The complexity of climate gradients, wind patterns, and emissions distribution within the Mexico Megacity leads to gradients as large as 50% in estimated recession rates using the Lipfert function at nearby sites made of the same type of building materials. The Comisión Ambiental de la Megalópolis (Environmental Commission of the Megacity) divides the MCMA into five sectors. Differences in recession rates between them were, in 1990, as large as those between estimated values for Oviedo, Paris, and Prague in Europe for the period 1980-2000. Recession rates decreased by about 50% from 1990 to 2007, the base year for this report, due to the success of air pollution control actions focused on the protection of public health. Nevertheless, strong recession gradients are still expected for carbonate stone within the MCMA. The recession values reported in this work must be taken as conservative estimates due to the not yet optimal performance of 3D air quality models in urban meteorology and the high degree of uncertainty in modeling emissions inventories. Most notable is the SO2 emissions inventory. These maps call for a program of experimental determination of recession rates for building materials that comprise a very large part of Mexico’s unique cultural heritage. These maps should also be added to the critical level maps obtained for human exposure, crops, and ecosystems in order to properly estimate the actual cost of air pollution in the MCMA and the area under its influence.

773.1.#.t: Atmósfera; Vol. 30 No. 3 (2017); 189-207

773.1.#.o: https://www.revistascca.unam.mx/atm/index.php/atm/index

046.#.#.j: 2021-10-20 00:00:00.000000

022.#.#.a: ISSN electrónico: 2395-8812; ISSN impreso: 0187-6236

310.#.#.a: Trimestral

300.#.#.a: Páginas: 189-207

264.#.1.b: Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, UNAM

doi: https://doi.org/10.20937/ATM.2017.30.03.01

handle: 00e177172060c6d9

harvesting_date: 2023-06-20 16:00:00.0

856.#.0.q: application/pdf

last_modified: 2023-06-20 16:00:00

license_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode.es

license_type: by-nc

_deleted_conflicts: 2-7acc0efc42f6518be684904b103ddc80

No entro en nada

No entro en nada 2

Artículo

Mapping recession risk for cultural heritage stone in Mexico City due to dry and wet deposition of urban air pollutants

Castillo-miranda, Javier Omar; Torres-jadón, Ricardo; García-reynoso, José Agustín; Mar-morales, Bertha E.; Rodríguez-gómez, Francisco Javier; Ruiz-suárez, Luis Gerardo

Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, UNAM, publicado en Atmósfera, y cosechado de Revistas UNAM

Licencia de uso

Procedencia del contenido

Entidad o dependencia
Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, UNAM
Revista
Atmósfera
Repositorio
Revistas UNAM
Contacto
Revistas UNAM. Dirección General de Publicaciones y Fomento Editorial, UNAM en revistas@unam.mx

Cita

Castillo-miranda, Javier Omar, et al. (2017). Mapping recession risk for cultural heritage stone in Mexico City due to dry and wet deposition of urban air pollutants. Atmósfera; Vol. 30 No. 3, 2017; 189-207. Recuperado de https://repositorio.unam.mx/contenidos/10951

Descripción del recurso

Autor(es)
Castillo-miranda, Javier Omar; Torres-jadón, Ricardo; García-reynoso, José Agustín; Mar-morales, Bertha E.; Rodríguez-gómez, Francisco Javier; Ruiz-suárez, Luis Gerardo
Colaborador(es)
CONACYT
Tipo
Artículo de Investigación
Área del conocimiento
Físico Matemáticas y Ciencias de la Tierra
Título
Mapping recession risk for cultural heritage stone in Mexico City due to dry and wet deposition of urban air pollutants
Fecha
2017-06-30
Resumen
Air pollution is a threat to cultural heritage because it accelerates the natural deterioration of monuments, palaces, churches, and archaeological ruins, which have an irreplaceable value. In the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA), there are 19 968 buildings registered as archaeological, historic, or artistic monuments. Some are built with calcareous rocks (limestone and marble) but many of them are made with andesite, tezontle and tuff stone. This paper reports for the first time the spatial distribution of the potential risk of deterioration on calcareous rocks in terms of surface recession with regard to Mexican cultural heritage in the MCMA for the base year 2007. The risk estimate was performed using Lipfert’s damage function, only applicable to carbonate stones of medium and low porosity. These include mainly medium/high density limestone and marble. Carrara white marble has a density of 2.69 g cm–3 and a porosity of 0.37%, and limestone has a density of 2.2-2.6 g cm–3 and a porosity of 5-20%. For high porosity (low density) limestone the function would be applicable with a potential under-estimation. In this function, annual recession rate is a function of annual averages of precipitation, pH, and dry deposition of SO2 and HNO3. Data from several meteorological monitoring networks, the MCMA air quality and acid deposition monitoring networks, and a 3D air quality model (MCCM) were interpolated in a GIS in order to obtain map layers for these variables. These overlaid maps were used to apply the Lipfert functions at the specific coordinates of a small sample of relevant historic or artistic monuments. The complexity of climate gradients, wind patterns, and emissions distribution within the Mexico Megacity leads to gradients as large as 50% in estimated recession rates using the Lipfert function at nearby sites made of the same type of building materials. The Comisión Ambiental de la Megalópolis (Environmental Commission of the Megacity) divides the MCMA into five sectors. Differences in recession rates between them were, in 1990, as large as those between estimated values for Oviedo, Paris, and Prague in Europe for the period 1980-2000. Recession rates decreased by about 50% from 1990 to 2007, the base year for this report, due to the success of air pollution control actions focused on the protection of public health. Nevertheless, strong recession gradients are still expected for carbonate stone within the MCMA. The recession values reported in this work must be taken as conservative estimates due to the not yet optimal performance of 3D air quality models in urban meteorology and the high degree of uncertainty in modeling emissions inventories. Most notable is the SO2 emissions inventory. These maps call for a program of experimental determination of recession rates for building materials that comprise a very large part of Mexico’s unique cultural heritage. These maps should also be added to the critical level maps obtained for human exposure, crops, and ecosystems in order to properly estimate the actual cost of air pollution in the MCMA and the area under its influence.
Tema
Cultural heritage; air pollution; MCMA; Mexico Megacity; recession rates
Idioma
eng
ISSN
ISSN electrónico: 2395-8812; ISSN impreso: 0187-6236

Enlaces